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# Using the occ Command

ownCloud’s `occ` command (ownCloud console) is ownCloud’s command-line interface. You can perform many common server operations with `occ`, such as installing and upgrading ownCloud, managing users and groups, encryption, passwords, LDAP setting, and more.

`occ` is in the `owncloud/` directory; for example `/var/www/owncloud` on Ubuntu Linux. `occ` is a PHP script. You must run it as your HTTP user to ensure that the correct permissions are maintained on your ownCloud files and directories.

## occ Command Directory

- Run occ As Your HTTP User
- Apps Commands
- Background Jobs Selector
- Config Commands
- Dav Commands
- Database Conversion
- Encryption
- Federation Sync
- File Operations
- Files External
- Group Commands
- Integrity Check
- l10n, Create Javascript Translation Files for Apps
- LDAP Commands
- Logging Commands
- Maintenance Commands
- Market
- Reports
- Security
- Ransomware Protection
- Shibboleth Modes (Enterprise Edition only)
- Trashbin
- User Commands
- Versions
- Command Line Installation
- Command Line Upgrade
- Two-factor Authentication
- Disable Users

## Run occ As Your HTTP User

The HTTP user is different on the various Linux distributions. See Set Strong Directory Permissions to learn how to find your HTTP user.

- The HTTP user and group in Debian/Ubuntu is www-data.
- The HTTP user and group in Fedora/CentOS is apache.
- The HTTP user and group in Arch Linux is http.
- The HTTP user in openSUSE is wwwrun, and the HTTP group is www.

If your HTTP server is configured to use a different PHP version than the default (/usr/bin/php), `occ` should be run with the same version. For example, in CentOS 6.5 with SCL-PHP54 installed, the command looks like this:

    sudo -u apache /opt/rh/php54/root/usr/bin/php /var/www/html/owncloud/occ

Running `occ` with no options lists all commands and options, like this example on Ubuntu:

    sudo -u www-data php occ
    ownCloud version 9.0.0

    Usage:
     command [options] [arguments]

    Options:
     -h, --help            Display this help message
     -q, --quiet           Do not output any message
     -V, --version         Display this application version
         --ansi            Force ANSI output
         --no-ansi         Disable ANSI output
     -n, --no-interaction  Do not ask any interactive question
         --no-warnings     Skip global warnings, show command output only
     -v|vv|vvv, --verbose  Increase the verbosity of messages: 1 for normal output,
                           2 for more verbose output and 3 for debug

    Available commands:
     check                 check dependencies of the server
                           environment
     help                  Displays help for a command
     list                  Lists commands
     status                show some status information
     upgrade               run upgrade routines after installation of
                           a new release. The release has to be
                           installed before.

This is the same as `sudo -u www-data php occ list`. Run it with the `-h` option for syntax help:

    sudo -u www-data php occ -h

Display your ownCloud version:

    sudo -u www-data php occ -V
      ownCloud version 9.0.0

Query your ownCloud server status:

    sudo -u www-data php occ status
      - installed: true
      - version: 9.0.0.19
      - versionstring: 9.0.0
      - edition:

`occ` has options, commands, and arguments. Commands are required. Options are optional. Arguments can be required or optional. The, generic, syntax is:

    occ [options] command [arguments]

Get detailed information on individual commands with the `help` command, like this example for the `maintenance:mode` command

    sudo -u www-data php occ help maintenance:mode
    Usage:
     maintenance:mode [options]

    Options:
         --on              enable maintenance mode
         --off             disable maintenance mode
     -h, --help            Display this help message
     -q, --quiet           Do not output any message
     -V, --version         Display this application version
         --ansi            Force ANSI output
         --no-ansi         Disable ANSI output
     -n, --no-interaction  Do not ask any interactive question
         --no-warnings     Skip global warnings, show command output only
     -v|vv|vvv, --verbose  Increase the verbosity of messages: 1 for normal output,
                           2 for more verbose output and 3 for debug

The `status` command from above has an option to define the output format. The default is plain text, but it can also be `json`:

    sudo -u www-data php occ status --output=json
    {"installed":true,"version":"9.0.0.19","versionstring":"9.0.0","edition":""}

or `json_pretty`:

    sudo -u www-data php occ status --output=json_pretty
    {
       "installed": true,
       "version": "9.0.0.19",
       "versionstring": "9.0.0",
       "edition": ""
    }

This output option is available on all list and list-like commands, which include `status`, `check`, `app:list`, `config:list`, `encryption:status` and `encryption:list-modules`.

## Apps Commands

The `app` commands list, enable, and disable apps

    app
     app:check-code   check code to be compliant
     app:disable      disable an app
     app:enable       enable an app
     app:getpath      Get an absolute path to the app directory
     app:list         List all available apps

List all of your installed apps or optionally provide a search pattern to restrict the list of apps to those whose name matches the given regular expression. The output shows whether they are enabled or disabled

    sudo -u www-data php occ app:list [<search-pattern>]

Enable an app, for example the Market app

    sudo -u www-data php occ app:enable market
    market enabled

Disable an app

    sudo -u www-data php occ app:disable market
    market disabled

`app:check-code` has multiple checks: it checks if an app uses ownCloud’s public API (`OCP`) or private API (`OC_`), and it also checks for deprecated methods and the validity of the `info.xml` file. By default all checks are enabled. The Activity app is an example of a correctly-formatted app

    sudo -u www-data php occ app:check-code notifications
    App is compliant - awesome job!

If your app has issues, you’ll see output like this

    sudo -u www-data php occ app:check-code foo_app
    Analysing /var/www/owncloud/apps/files/foo_app.php
    4 errors
       line   45: OCP\Response - Static method of deprecated class must not be
       called
       line   46: OCP\Response - Static method of deprecated class must not be
       called
       line   47: OCP\Response - Static method of deprecated class must not be
       called
       line   49: OC_Util - Static method of private class must not be called

You can get the full file path to an app

    sudo -u www-data php occ app:getpath notifications
    /var/www/owncloud/apps/notifications

## Background Jobs Selector

Use the `background` command to select which scheduler you want to use for controlling background jobs, Ajax, Webcron, or Cron. This is the same as using the Cron section on your ownCloud Admin page.

    background
     background:ajax       Use ajax to run background jobs
     background:cron       Use cron to run background jobs
     background:webcron    Use webcron to run background jobs

This example selects Ajax:

    sudo -u www-data php occ background:ajax
      Set mode for background jobs to 'ajax'

The other two commands are:

- `background:cron`
- `background:webcron`

See Background Jobs to learn more.

## Config Commands

The `config` commands are used to configure the ownCloud server.

    config
     config:app:delete      Delete an app config value
     config:app:get         Get an app config value
     config:app:set         Set an app config value
     config:import          Import a list of configuration settings
     config:list            List all configuration settings
     config:system:delete   Delete a system config value
     config:system:get      Get a system config value
     config:system:set      Set a system config value

You can list all configuration values with one command:

    sudo -u www-data php occ config:list

By default, passwords and other sensitive data are omitted from the report, so the output can be posted publicly (e.g., as part of a bug report). In order to generate a full backport of all configuration values the `--private` flag needs to be set:

    sudo -u www-data php occ config:list --private

The exported content can also be imported again to allow the fast setup of similar instances. The import command will only add or update values. Values that exist in the current configuration, but not in the one that is being imported are left untouched.

    sudo -u www-data php occ config:import filename.json

It is also possible to import remote files, by piping the input:

    sudo -u www-data php occ config:import < local-backup.json

Note

While it is possible to update/set/delete the versions and installation statuses of apps and ownCloud itself, it is not recommended to do this directly. Use the `occ app:enable`, `occ app:disable` and `occ update` commands instead.

### Getting a Single Configuration Value

These commands get the value of a single app or system configuration:

    sudo -u www-data php occ config:system:get version
    9.0.0.19

    sudo -u www-data php occ config:app:get activity installed_version
    2.2.1

### Setting a Single Configuration Value

These commands set the value of a single app or system configuration:

    sudo -u www-data php occ config:system:set logtimezone
    --value="Europe/Berlin"
    System config value logtimezone set to Europe/Berlin

    sudo -u www-data php occ config:app:set files_sharing
    incoming_server2server_share_enabled --value="yes" --type=boolean
    Config value incoming_server2server_share_enabled for app files_sharing set to yes

The `config:system:set` command creates the value, if it does not already exist. To update an existing value, set `--update-only`:

    sudo -u www-data php occ config:system:set doesnotexist --value="true"
    --type=boolean --update-only
    Value not updated, as it has not been set before.

Note that in order to write a Boolean, float, or integer value to the configuration file, you need to specify the type on your command. This applies only to the `config:system:set` command. The following values are known:

- `boolean`
- `integer`
- `float`
- `string` (default)

When you want to e.g., disable the maintenance mode run the following command:

    sudo -u www-data php occ config:system:set maintenance --value=false
    --type=boolean
    ownCloud is in maintenance mode - no app have been loaded
    System config value maintenance set to boolean false

### Setting an Array of Configuration Values

Some configurations (e.g., the trusted domain setting) are an array of data. In order to set (and also get) the value of one key, you can specify multiple `config` names separated by spaces:

    sudo -u www-data php occ config:system:get trusted_domains
    localhost
    owncloud.local
    sample.tld

To replace `sample.tld` with `example.com` trusted_domains => 2 needs to be set:

    sudo -u www-data php occ config:system:set trusted_domains 2
    --value=example.com
    System config value trusted_domains => 2 set to string example.com

    sudo -u www-data php occ config:system:get trusted_domains
    localhost
    owncloud.local
    example.com

### Deleting a Single Configuration Value

These commands delete the configuration of an app or system configuration:

    sudo -u www-data php occ config:system:delete maintenance:mode
    System config value maintenance:mode deleted

    sudo -u www-data php occ config:app:delete appname provisioning_api
    Config value provisioning_api of app appname deleted

The delete command will by default not complain if the configuration was not set before. If you want to be notified in that case, set the `--error-if-not-exists` flag.

    sudo -u www-data php occ config:system:delete doesnotexist
    --error-if-not-exists
    Config provisioning_api of app appname could not be deleted because it did not
    exist

## Dav Commands

A set of commands to create address books, calendars, and to migrate address books:

    dav
     dav:cleanup-chunks            Cleanup outdated chunks
     dav:create-addressbook        Create a dav address book
     dav:create-calendar           Create a dav calendar
     dav:sync-birthday-calendar    Synchronizes the birthday calendar
     dav:sync-system-addressbook   Synchronizes users to the system
                                   address book

Note

These commands are not available in single-user (maintenance) mode.

`dav:cleanup-chunks` cleans up outdated chunks (uploaded files) more than a certain number of days old. By default, the command cleans up chunks more than 2 days old. However, by supplying the number of days to the command, the range can be increased. For example, in the example below, chunks older than 10 days will be removed.

    sudo -u www-data php occ dav:cleanup-chunks 10

    # example output
    Cleaning chunks older than 10 days(2017-11-08T13:13:45+00:00)
    Cleaning chunks for admin
       0 [>---------------------------]

The syntax for `dav:create-addressbook` and `dav:create-calendar` is `dav:create-addressbook [user] [name]`. This example creates the addressbook `mollybook` for the user molly:

    sudo -u www-data php occ dav:create-addressbook molly mollybook

This example creates a new calendar for molly:

    sudo -u www-data php occ dav:create-calendar molly mollycal

Molly will immediately see these on her Calendar and Contacts pages. Your existing calendars and contacts should migrate automatically when you upgrade. If something goes wrong you can try a manual migration. First delete any partially-migrated calendars or address books. Then run this command to migrate user’s contacts:

    sudo -u www-data php occ dav:migrate-addressbooks [user]

Run this command to migrate calendars:

    sudo -u www-data php occ dav:migrate-calendars [user]

`dav:sync-birthday-calendar` adds all birthdays to your calendar from address books shared with you. This example syncs to your calendar from user `bernie`:

    sudo -u www-data php occ dav:sync-birthday-calendar bernie

`dav:sync-system-addressbook` synchronizes all users to the system addressbook.

    sudo -u www-data php occ dav:sync-system-addressbook

## Database Conversion

The SQLite database is good for testing, and for ownCloud servers with small single-user workloads that do not use sync clients, but production servers with multiple users should use MariaDB, MySQL, or PostgreSQL. You can use `occ` to convert from SQLite to one of these other databases.

    db
     db:convert-type           Convert the ownCloud database to the newly
                               configured one
     db:generate-change-script generates the change script from the current
                               connected db to db_structure.xml

You need:

- Your desired database and its PHP connector installed.
- The login and password of a database admin user.
- The database port number, if it is a non-standard port.

This is example converts SQLite to MySQL/MariaDB:

    sudo -u www-data php occ db:convert-type mysql oc_dbuser 127.0.0.1
    oc_database

For a more detailed explanation see Converting Database Type.

## Encryption

`occ` includes a complete set of commands for managing encryption.

    encryption
     encryption:change-key-storage-root   Change key storage root
     encryption:decrypt-all               Disable server-side encryption and
                                          decrypt all files
     encryption:disable                   Disable encryption
     encryption:enable                    Enable encryption
     encryption:enable-master-key         Enable the master key. Only available
                                          for fresh installations with no existing
                                          encrypted data! There is also no way to
                                          disable it again.
     encryption:encrypt-all               Encrypt all files for all users
     encryption:list-modules              List all available encryption modules
     encryption:migrate                   initial migration to encryption 2.0
     encryption:recreate-master-key       Replace existing master key with new one.
                                          Encrypt the file system with newly created master key.
     encryption:set-default-module        Set the encryption default module
     encryption:show-key-storage-root     Show current key storage root
     encryption:status                    Lists the current status of encryption

`encryption:status` shows whether you have active encryption, and your default encryption module. To enable encryption you must first enable the Encryption app, and then run `encryption:enable`:

    sudo -u www-data php occ app:enable encryption
    sudo -u www-data php occ encryption:enable
    sudo -u www-data php occ encryption:status
     - enabled: true
     - defaultModule: OC_DEFAULT_MODULE

`encryption:change-key-storage-root` is for moving your encryption keys to a different folder. It takes one argument, `newRoot`, which defines your new root folder. The folder must exist, and the path is relative to your root ownCloud directory.

    sudo -u www-data php occ encryption:change-key-storage-root ../../etc/oc-keys

You can see the current location of your keys folder:

    sudo -u www-data php occ encryption:show-key-storage-root
    Current key storage root:  default storage location (data/)

`encryption:list-modules` displays your available encryption modules. You will see a list of modules only if you have enabled the Encryption app. Use `encryption:set-default-module [module name]` to set your desired module.

`encryption:encrypt-all` encrypts all data files for all users. You must first put your ownCloud server into single-user mode to prevent any user activity until encryption is completed.

`encryption:decrypt-all` decrypts all user data files, or optionally a single user:

    sudo -u www-data php occ encryption:decrypt freda

Users must have enabled recovery keys on their Personal pages. You must first put your ownCloud server into single-user mode to prevent any user activity until decryption is completed.

Use `encryption:disable` to disable your encryption module. You must first put your ownCloud server into single-user mode to prevent any user activity.

`encryption:enable-master-key` creates a new master key, which is used for all user data instead of individual user keys. This is especially useful to enable single-sign on. Use this only on fresh installations with no existing data, or on systems where encryption has not already been enabled. It is not possible to disable it.

`encryption:migrate` migrates encryption keys after a major ownCloud version upgrade. You may optionally specify individual users in a space-delimited list. See Encryption Configuration to learn more.

`encryption:recreate-master-key` decrypts the ownCloud file system, replaces the existing master key with a new one, and encrypts the entire ownCloud file system with the new master key. Given the size of your ownCloud filesystem, this may take some time to complete. However, if your filesystem is quite small, then it will complete quite quickly. The `-y` switch can be supplied to automate acceptance of user input.

## Federation Sync

Synchronize the address books of all federated ownCloud servers:

    federation:sync-addressbooks  Synchronizes address books of all
                                  federated clouds

Servers connected with federation shares can share user address books, and auto-complete usernames in share dialogs. Use this command to synchronize federated servers:

    sudo -u www-data php occ federation:sync-addressbooks

Note

This command is only available when the “Federation” app (`federation`) is enabled.

## File Operations

`occ` has three commands for managing files in ownCloud:

    files
     files:cleanup              Deletes orphaned file cache entries.
     files:scan                 Rescans the filesystem.
     files:transfer-ownership   All files and folders are moved to another
                                user - outgoing shares are moved as well (incoming shares are not moved as the sharing user holds the ownership of the respective files).

Note

These commands are not available in single-user (maintenance) mode.

### The files:scan command

The `files:scan` command

- Scans for new files.
- Scans not fully scanned files.
- Repairs file cache holes.
- Updates the file cache.

File scans can be performed per-user, for a space-delimited list of users, and for all users.

    sudo -u www-data php occ files:scan --help
     Usage:
       files:scan [options] [--] [<user_id>]...

     Arguments:
       user_id                will rescan all files of the given user(s)

     Options:
           --output[=OUTPUT]  Output format (plain, json or json_pretty, default is plain) [default: "plain"]
       -p, --path=PATH        limit rescan to this path, eg. --path="/alice/files/Music", the user_id is determined by the path and the user_id parameter and --all are ignored
       -q, --quiet            Do not output any message
           --all              will rescan all files of all known users
           --repair           will repair detached filecache entries (slow)
           --unscanned        only scan files which are marked as not fully scanned
       -h, --help             Display this help message
       -V, --version          Display this application version
           --ansi             Force ANSI output
           --no-ansi          Disable ANSI output
       -n, --no-interaction   Do not ask any interactive question
           --no-warnings      Skip global warnings, show command output only
       -v|vv|vvv, --verbose   Increase the verbosity of messages: 1 for normal output, 2 for more verbose output and 3 for debug

Note

If not using `--quiet`, statistics will be shown at the end of the scan.

#### The `--path` Option

When using the `--path` option, the path must be in one of the following formats:

    "user_id/files/path"
    "user_id/files/mount_name"
    "user_id/files/mount_name/path"

For example:

    --path="/alice/files/Music"

In the example above, the user_id `alice` is determined implicitly from the path component given. The `--path`, `--all` and `[user_id]` parameters are exclusive - only one must be specified.

#### The `--repair` Option

As noted above, repairs can be performed for individual users, groups of users, and for all users in an ownCloud installation. What’s more, repair scans can be run even if no files are known to need repairing and if one or more files are known to be in need of repair. Two examples of when files need repairing are:

- If folders have the same entry twice in the web UI (known as a “ghost folder”), this can also lead to strange error messages in the desktop client.
- If entering a folder doesn’t seem to lead into that folder.

The repair command needs to be run in single user mode. The following commands show how to enable single user mode, run a repair file scan, and then disable single user mode.

    sudo -u www-data php occ maintenance:singleuser --on
    sudo -u www-data php occ files:scan --all --repair
    sudo -u www-data php occ maintenance:singleuser --off

Note

We strongly suggest that you backup the database before running this command.

### The files:cleanup command

`files:cleanup` tidies up the server’s file cache by deleting all file entries that have no matching entries in the storage table. You may transfer all files and shares from one user to another. This is useful before removing a user.

For example, to move all files from `<source-user>` to `<destination-user>`, use the following command:

    sudo -u www-data php occ files:transfer-ownership <source-user> <destination-user>

You can also move a limited set of files from `<source-user>` to `<destination-user>` by making use of the `--path` switch, as in the example below. In it, `folder/to/move`, and any file and folder inside it will be moved to `<destination-user>`.

    sudo -u www-data php occ files:transfer-ownership --path="folder/to/move" <source-user> <destination-user>

When using this command, please keep in mind:

1. The directory provided to the `--path` switch must exist inside `data/<source-user>/files`.
2. The directory (and its contents) won’t be moved as is between the users. It’ll be moved inside the destination user’s `files` directory, and placed in a directory which follows the format: `transferred from <source-user> on <timestamp>`. Using the example above, it will be stored under: `data/<destination-user>/files/transferred from <source-user> on 20170426_124510/`
3. Currently file versions can’t be transferred. Only the latest version of moved files will appear in the destination user’s account.

## Files External

These commands replace the `data/mount.json` configuration file used in ownCloud releases before 9.0.

Commands for managing external storage:

    files_external
     files_external:applicable  Manage applicable users and groups for a mount
     files_external:backends    Show available authentication and storage backends
     files_external:config      Manage backend configuration for a mount
     files_external:create      Create a new mount configuration
     files_external:delete      Delete an external mount
     files_external:export      Export mount configurations
     files_external:import      Import mount configurations
     files_external:list        List configured mounts
     files_external:option      Manage mount options for a mount
     files_external:verify      Verify mount configuration

These commands replicate the functionality in the ownCloud Web GUI, plus two new features: `files_external:export` and `files_external:import`.

Use `files_external:export` to export all admin mounts to stdout, and `files_external:export [user_id]` to export the mounts of the specified ownCloud user.

Note

These commands are only available when the “External storage support” app (`files_external`) is enabled. It is not available in single-user (maintenance) mode.

## Group Commands

The `group` commands provide a range of functionality for managing ownCloud groups. This includes creating and removing groups and managing group membership. Group names are case-sensitive, so “Finance” and “finance” are two different groups.

The full list of commands is:

    group
     group:add                           adds a group
     group:add-member                    add members to a group
     group:delete                        deletes the specified group
     group:list                          list groups
     group:list-members                  list group members
     group:remove-member                 remove member(s) from a group

### Creating Groups

You can create a new group with the `group:add` command. The syntax is:

    group:add groupname

This example adds a new group, called “Finance”:

    sudo -u www-data php occ group:add Finance
      Created group "Finance"

### Listing Groups

You can list the names of existing groups with the `group:list` command. The syntax is:

    group:list [options] [<search-pattern>]

Groups containing the `search-pattern` string are listed. Matching is not case-sensitive. If you do not provide a search-pattern then all groups are listed.

This example lists groups containing the string finance:

    sudo -u www-data php occ group:list finance
     - All-Finance-Staff
     - Finance
     - Finance-Managers

The output can be formatted in JSON with the output option `json` or `json_pretty`:

    sudo -u www-data php occ --output=json_pretty group:list finance
     [
       "All-Finance-Staff",
       "Finance",
       "Finance-Managers"
     ]

### Listing Group Members

You can list the user IDs of group members with the `group:list-members` command. The syntax is:

    group:list-members [options] <group>

This example lists members of the Finance group:

    sudo -u www-data php occ group:list-members Finance
     - aaron: Aaron Smith
     - julie: Julie Jones

The output can be formatted in JSON with the output option `json` or `json_pretty`:

    sudo -u www-data php occ --output=json_pretty group:list-members Finance
     {
       "aaron": "Aaron Smith",
       "julie": "Julie Jones"
     }

### Adding Members to Groups

You can add members to an existing group with the `group:add-member` command. Members must be existing users. The syntax is:

    group:add-member [-m|--member [MEMBER]] <group>

This example adds members “aaron” and “julie” to group “Finance”:

    sudo -u www-data php occ group:add-member --member aaron --member julie Finance
      User "aaron" added to group "Finance"
      User "julie" added to group "Finance"

You may attempt to add members that are already in the group, without error. This allows you to add members in a scripted way without needing to know if the user is already a member of the group. For example:

    sudo -u www-data php occ group:add-member --member aaron --member julie --member fred Finance
      User "aaron" is already a member of group "Finance"
      User "julie" is already a member of group "Finance"
      User fred" added to group "Finance"

### Removing Members from Groups

You can remove members from a group with the `group:remove-member` command. The syntax is:

    group:remove-member [-m|--member [MEMBER]] <group>

This example removes members “aaron” and “julie” from group “Finance”:

    sudo -u www-data php occ group:remove-member --member aaron --member julie Finance
      Member "aaron" removed from group "Finance"
      Member "julie" removed from group "Finance"

You may attempt to remove members that have already been removed from the group, without error. This allows you to remove members in a scripted way without needing to know if the user is still a member of the group. For example:

    sudo -u www-data php occ group:remove-member --member aaron --member fred Finance
      Member "aaron" could not be found in group "Finance"
      Member "fred" removed from group "Finance"

### Deleting a Group

To delete a group, you use the `group:delete` command, as in the example below:

    sudo -u www-data php occ group:delete Finance

## Integrity Check

Apps which have an official tag MUST be code signed. Unsigned official apps won’t be installable anymore. Code signing is optional for all third-party applications.

    integrity
     integrity:check-app                 Check app integrity using a signature.
     integrity:check-core                Check core integrity using a signature.
     integrity:sign-app                  Signs an app using a private key.
     integrity:sign-core                 Sign core using a private key

After creating your signing key, sign your app like this example:

    sudo -u www-data php occ integrity:sign-app --privateKey=/Users/lukasreschke/contacts.key --certificate=/Users/lukasreschke/CA/contacts.crt --path=/Users/lukasreschke/Programming/contacts

Verify your app:

    sudo -u www-data php occ integrity:check-app --path=/pathto/app appname

When it returns nothing, your app is signed correctly. When it returns a message then there is an error. See Code Signing in the Developer manual for more detailed information.

`integrity:sign-core` is for ownCloud core developers only.

See Code Signing to learn more.

## l10n, Create Javascript Translation Files for Apps

This command is for app developers to update their translation mechanism from ownCloud 7 to ownCloud 8 and later.

## LDAP Commands

Note

These commands are only available when the “LDAP user and group backend” app (`user_ldap`) is enabled.

These LDAP commands appear only when you have enabled the LDAP app. Then you can run the following LDAP commands with `occ`:

    ldap
     ldap:check-user               checks whether a user exists on LDAP.
     ldap:create-empty-config      creates an empty LDAP configuration
     ldap:delete-config            deletes an existing LDAP configuration
     ldap:search                   executes a user or group search
     ldap:set-config               modifies an LDAP configuration
     ldap:show-config              shows the LDAP configuration
     ldap:test-config              tests an LDAP configuration
     ldap:update-group             update the specified group membership
                                   information stored locally

Search for an LDAP user, using this syntax:

    sudo -u www-data php occ ldap:search [--group] [--offset="..."]
    [--limit="..."] search

Searches will match at the beginning of the attribute value only. This example searches for `givenNames` that start with “rob”:

    sudo -u www-data php occ ldap:search "rob"

This will find robbie, roberta, and robin. Broaden the search to find, for example, `jeroboam` with the asterisk wildcard:

    sudo -u www-data php occ ldap:search "*rob"

User search attributes are set with `ldap:set-config` (below). For example, if your search attributes are `givenName` and `sn` you can find users by first name + last name very quickly. For example, you’ll find Terri Hanson by searching for `te ha`. Trailing whitespace is ignored.

Check if an LDAP user exists. This works only if the ownCloud server is connected to an LDAP server.

    sudo -u www-data php occ ldap:check-user robert

`ldap:check-user` will not run a check when it finds a disabled LDAP connection. This prevents users that exist on disabled LDAP connections from being marked as deleted. If you know for certain that the user you are searching for is not in one of the disabled connections, and exists on an active connection, use the `--force` option to force it to check all active LDAP connections.

    sudo -u www-data php occ ldap:check-user --force robert

`ldap:create-empty-config` creates an empty LDAP configuration. The first one you create has no `configID`, like this example:

    sudo -u www-data php occ ldap:create-empty-config
      Created new configuration with configID ''

This is a holdover from the early days, when there was no option to create additional configurations. The second, and all subsequent, configurations that you create are automatically assigned IDs.

    sudo -u www-data php occ ldap:create-empty-config
       Created new configuration with configID 's01'

Then you can list and view your configurations:

    sudo -u www-data php occ ldap:show-config

And view the configuration for a single `configID`:

    sudo -u www-data php occ ldap:show-config s01

`ldap:delete-config [configID]` deletes an existing LDAP configuration.

    sudo -u www-data php occ ldap:delete  s01
    Deleted configuration with configID 's01'

The `ldap:set-config` command is for manipulating configurations, like this example that sets search attributes:

    sudo -u www-data php occ ldap:set-config s01 ldapAttributesForUserSearch
    "cn;givenname;sn;displayname;mail"

The command takes the following format:

    ldap:set-config <configID> <configKey> <configValue>

All of the available keys, along with default values for configValue, are listed in the table below.

Configuration | Setting
--- | ---
hasMemberOfFilterSupport |
hasPagedResultSupport |
homeFolderNamingRule |
lastJpegPhotoLookup | 0
ldapAgentName | cn=admin,dc=owncloudqa,dc=com
ldapAgentPassword | *
ldapAttributesForGroupSearch |
ldapAttributesForUserSearch |
ldapBackupHost |
ldapBackupPort |
ldapBase | dc=owncloudqa,dc=com
ldapBaseGroups | dc=owncloudqa,dc=com
ldapBaseUsers | dc=owncloudqa,dc=com
ldapCacheTTL | 600
ldapConfigurationActive | 1
ldapDynamicGroupMemberURL |
ldapEmailAttribute |
ldapExperiencedAdmin | 0
ldapExpertUUIDGroupAttr |
ldapExpertUUIDUserAttr |
ldapExpertUsernameAttr | ldapGroupDisplayName cn
ldapGroupFilter | ldapGroupFilterGroups
ldapGroupFilterMode | 0
ldapGroupFilterObjectclass |
ldapGroupMemberAssocAttr | uniqueMember
ldapHost | ldap://host
ldapIgnoreNamingRules |
ldapLoginFilter | (&((objectclass=inetOrgPerson))(uid=%uid))
ldapLoginFilterAttributes |
ldapLoginFilterEmail | 0
ldapLoginFilterMode | 0
ldapLoginFilterUsername | 1
ldapNestedGroups | 0
ldapOverrideMainServer |
ldapPagingSize | 500
ldapPort | 389
ldapQuotaAttribute |
ldapQuotaDefault |
ldapTLS | 0
ldapUserDisplayName | displayName
ldapUserDisplayName2 |
ldapUserFilter | ((objectclass=inetOrgPerson))
ldapUserFilterGroups |
ldapUserFilterMode | 0
ldapUserFilterObjectclass | inetOrgPerson
ldapUuidGroupAttribute | auto
ldapUuidUserAttribute | auto
turnOffCertCheck | 0
useMemberOfToDetectMembership | 1

`ldap:test-config` tests whether your configuration is correct and can bind to the server.

    sudo -u www-data php occ ldap:test-config s01
    The configuration is valid and the connection could be established!

`ldap:update-group` updates the specified group membership information stored locally.

The command takes the following format:

    ldap:update-group <groupID> <groupID <groupID> ...>

The command allows for running a manual group sync on one or more groups, instead of having to wait for group syncing to occur. If users have been added or removed from these groups in LDAP, ownCloud will update its details. If a group was deleted in LDAP, ownCloud will also delete the local mapping info about this group.

Note

New groups in LDAP won’t be synced with this command. The LDAP TTL configuration (by default 10 minutes) still applies. This means that recently deleted groups from LDAP might be considered as “active” and might not be deleted in ownCloud immediately.

Configuring the LDAP Refresh Attribute Interval

You can configure the LDAP refresh attribute interval, but not with the `ldap` commands. Instead, you need to use the `config:app:set` command, as in the following example, which takes a number of seconds to the `--value` switch.

    occ config:app:set user_ldap updateAttributesInterval --value=7200

In the example above, the interval is being set to 7200 seconds. Assuming the above example was used, the command would output the following:

    Config value updateAttributesInterval for app user_ldap set to 7200

If you want to reset (or unset) the setting, then you can use the following command:

    occ config:app:delete user_ldap updateAttributesInterval

## Logging Commands

These commands view and configure your ownCloud logging preferences.

    log
     log:manage     manage logging configuration
     log:owncloud   manipulate ownCloud logging backend

Run `log:owncloud` to see your current logging status:

    sudo -u www-data php occ log:owncloud
    Log backend ownCloud: enabled
    Log file: /opt/owncloud/data/owncloud.log
    Rotate at: disabled

Use the `--enable` option to turn on logging. Use `--file` to set a different log file path. Set your rotation by log file size in bytes with `--rotate-size`; 0 disables rotation. `log:manage` sets your logging backend, log level, and timezone. The defaults are `owncloud`, `Warning`, and `UTC`. Available options are:

- –backend [owncloud, syslog, errorlog]
- –level [debug, info, warning, error, fatal]

## Maintenance Commands

Use these commands when you upgrade ownCloud, manage encryption, perform backups and other tasks that require locking users out until you are finished:

    maintenance
     maintenance:data-fingerprint        update the systems data-fingerprint after
                                         a backup is restored
     maintenance:mimetype:update-db      Update database mimetypes and update
                                         filecache
     maintenance:mimetype:update-js      Update mimetypelist.js
     maintenance:mode                    set maintenance mode
     maintenance:repair                  repair this installation
     maintenance:singleuser              set single user mode
     maintenance:update:htaccess         Updates the .htaccess file

`maintenance:mode` locks the sessions of all logged-in users, including administrators, and displays a status screen warning that the server is in maintenance mode. Users who are not already logged in cannot log in until maintenance mode is turned off. When you take the server out of maintenance mode logged-in users must refresh their Web browsers to continue working.

    sudo -u www-data php occ maintenance:mode --on
    sudo -u www-data php occ maintenance:mode --off

Putting your ownCloud server into single-user mode allows admins to log in and work, but not ordinary users. This is useful for performing maintenance and troubleshooting on a running server.

    sudo -u www-data php occ maintenance:singleuser --on
    Single user mode enabled

Turn it off when you’re finished:

    sudo -u www-data php occ maintenance:singleuser --off
    Single user mode disabled

Run `maintenance:data-fingerprint` to tell desktop and mobile clients that a server backup has been restored. Users will be prompted to resolve any conflicts between newer and older file versions.

Run `maintenance:data-fingerprint` to tell desktop and mobile clients that a server backup has been restored. This command changes the ETag for all files in the communication with sync clients, informing them that one or more files were modified. After the command completes, users will be prompted to resolve any conflicts between newer and older file versions.

The `maintenance:repair` command runs automatically during upgrades to clean up the database, so while you can run it manually there usually isn’t a need to.

    sudo -u www-data php occ maintenance:repair

`maintenance:mimetype:update-db` updates the ownCloud database and file cache with changed mimetypes found in `config/mimetypemapping.json`. Run this command after modifying `config/mimetypemapping.json`. If you change a mimetype, run `maintenance:mimetype:update-db --repair-filecache` to apply the change to existing files.

## Market

The `market` commands install, list, and upgrade applications from the ownCloud Marketplace.

    market
      market:install    Install apps from the marketplace. If already installed and
                        an update is available the update will be installed.
      market:list       Lists apps as available on the marketplace.
      market:upgrade    Installs new app versions if available on the marketplace

Note

The user running the update command, which will likely be your webserver user, needs write permission for the `/apps` folder. If they don’t have write permission, the command may report that the update was successful, but it may silently fail.

Note

These commands are not available in single-user (maintenance) mode.

## Reports

If you’re working with ownCloud support and need to send them a configuration summary, you can generate it using the `configreport:generate` command. This command generates the same JSON-based report as the Admin Config Report, which you can access under `admin -> Settings -> Admin -> Help & Tips -> Download ownCloud config report`.

From the command-line in the root directory of your ownCloud installation, run it as your webserver user as follows, (assuming your webserver user is `www-data`):

    sudo -u www-data occ configreport:generate

This will generate the report and send it to `STDOUT`. You can optionally pipe the output to a file and then attach it to an email to ownCloud support, by running the following command:

    sudo -u www-data occ configreport:generate > generated-config-report.txt

Alternatively, you could generate the report and email it all in one command, by running:

    sudo -u www-data occ configreport:generate | mail -s "configuration report" \
        -r <the email address to send from> \
        support@owncloud.com

Note

These commands are not available in single-user (maintenance) mode.

## Security

Use these commands when you manage security related tasks

Routes dispays all routes of ownCloud. You can use this information to grant strict access via firewalls, proxies or loadbalancers etc.

    security:routes [options]

Options:

    --output        Output format (plain, json or json-pretty, default is plain)
    --with-details  Adds more details to the output

Example 1:

    sudo  -uwww-data ./occ security:routes

    +-----------------------------------------------------------+-----------------+
    | Path                                                      | Methods         |
    +-----------------------------------------------------------+-----------------+
    | /apps/federation/auto-add-servers                         | POST            |
    | /apps/federation/trusted-servers                          | POST            |
    | /apps/federation/trusted-servers/{id}                     | DELETE          |
    | /apps/files/                                              | GET             |
    | /apps/files/ajax/download.php                             |                 |
    ...

Example 2:

    sudo  -uwww-data ./occ security:routes --output=json-pretty

    [
      {
          "path": "\/apps\/federation\/auto-add-servers",
          "methods": [
              "POST"
          ]
      },
    ...

Example 3:

    sudo  -uwww-data ./occ security:routes --with-details

    +---------------------------------------------+---------+-------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------------+
    | Path                                        | Methods | Controller                                            | Annotations                    |
    +---------------------------------------------+---------+-------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------------+
    | /apps/files/api/v1/sorting                  | POST    | OCA\Files\Controller\ApiController::updateFileSorting | NoAdminRequired                |
    | /apps/files/api/v1/thumbnail/{x}/{y}/{file} | GET     | OCA\Files\Controller\ApiController::getThumbnail      | NoAdminRequired,NoCSRFRequired |
    ...

The following commands manage server-wide SSL certificates. These are useful when you create federation shares with other ownCloud servers that use self-signed certificates.

    security:certificates         list trusted certificates
    security:certificates:import  import trusted certificate
    security:certificates:remove  remove trusted certificate

This example lists your installed certificates:

    sudo -u www-data php occ security:certificates

Import a new certificate:

    sudo -u www-data php occ security:certificates:import /path/to/certificate

Remove a certificate:

    sudo -u www-data php occ security:certificates:remove [certificate name]

## Ransomware Protection

Use these commands to help users recover from a Ransomware attack. You can find more information about the application in the documentation.

Note

Ransomware Protection (which is an Enterprise app) needs to be installed and enabled to be able to use these commands.

    occ ransomguard:scan <timestamp> <user>    Report all changes in a user's account, starting from timestamp.
    occ ransomguard:restore <timestamp> <user> Revert all operations in a user account after a point in time.

## Sharing

This is an occ command to cleanup orphaned remote storages. To explain why this is necessary, a little background is required. While shares are able to be deleted as a normal matter of course, remote storages with “shared::” are not included in this process.

This might not, normally, be a problem. However, if a user has re-shared a remote share which has been deleted it will. This is because when the original share is deleted, the remote re-share reference is not. Internally, the fileid will remain in the file cache and storage for that file will not be deleted.

As a result, any user(s) who the share was re-shared with will now get an error when trying to access that file or folder. That’s why the command is available.

So, to cleanup all orphaned remote storages, run it as follows:

    sudo -u www-data php sharing:cleanup-remote-storages

You can also set it up to run as a background job

Note

These commands are not available in single-user (maintenance) mode.

## Shibboleth Modes (Enterprise Edition only)

`shibboleth:mode` sets your Shibboleth mode to `notactive`, `autoprovision`, or `ssoonly`:

    shibboleth:mode [mode]

Note

These commands are only available when the “Shibboleth user backend” app (`user_shibboleth`) is enabled.

## Trashbin

Note

These commands are only available when the “Deleted files” app (`files_trashbin`) is enabled. These commands are not available in single-user (maintenance) mode.

    trashbin
     trashbin:cleanup   Remove deleted files
     trashbin:expire    Expires the users trash bin

The `trashbin:cleanup` command removes the deleted files of the specified users in a space-delimited list, or all users if none are specified. This example removes all the deleted files of all users:

    sudo -u www-data php occ trashbin:cleanup
    Remove all deleted files
    Remove deleted files for users on backend Database
     freda
     molly
     stash
     rosa
     edward

This example removes the deleted files of users “”molly”” and “”freda”“:

    sudo -u www-data php occ trashbin:cleanup molly freda
    Remove deleted files of   molly
    Remove deleted files of   freda

`trashbin:expire` deletes only expired files according to the `trashbin_retention_obligation` setting in `config.php` (see the Deleted Files section in Config.php Parameters). The default is to delete expired files for all users, or you may list users in a space-delimited list.

## User Commands

The `user` commands provide a range of functionality for managing ownCloud users. This includes: creating and removing users, resetting user passwords, displaying a report which shows how many users you have, and when a user was last logged in.

The full list, of commands is:

    user
     user:add                            adds a user
     user:delete                         deletes the specified user
     user:disable                        disables the specified user
     user:enable                         enables the specified user
     user:inactive                       reports users who are known to owncloud,
                                         but have not logged in for a certain number of days
     user:lastseen                       shows when the user was logged in last time
     user:list                           list users
     user:list-groups                    list groups for a user
     user:report                         shows how many users have access
     user:resetpassword                  Resets the password of the named user
     user:setting                        Read and modify user settings
     user:sync                           Sync local users with an external backend service

### Creating Users

You can create a new user with the `user:add` command. This command lets you set the following attributes:

- uid: The `uid` is the user’s username and their login name
- display name: This corresponds to the Full Name on the Users page in your ownCloud Web UI
- email address
- group
- login name
- password

The command’s syntax is:

    user:add [--password-from-env] [--display-name [DISPLAY-NAME]] [--email [EMAIL]] [-g|--group [GROUP]] [--] <uid>

This example adds new user Layla Smith, and adds her to the users and db-admins groups. Any groups that do not exist are created.

    sudo -u www-data php occ user:add --display-name="Layla Smith" \
      --group="users" --group="db-admins" --email=layla.smith@example.com layla
      Enter password:
      Confirm password:
      The user "layla" was created successfully
      Display name set to "Layla Smith"
      Email address set to "layla.smith@example.com"
      User "layla" added to group "users"
      User "layla" added to group "db-admins"

After the command completes, go to your Users page, and you will see your new user.

### Setting a User’s Password

`password-from-env` allows you to set the user’s password from an environment variable. This prevents the password from being exposed to all users via the process list, and will only be visible in the history of the user (root) running the command. This also permits creating scripts for adding multiple new users.

To use `password-from-env` you must run as “real” root, rather than `sudo`, because `sudo` strips environment variables. This example adds new user Fred Jones:

    export OC_PASS=newpassword
    su -s /bin/sh www-data -c 'php occ user:add --password-from-env
      --display-name="Fred Jones" --group="users" fred'
    The user "fred" was created successfully
    Display name set to "Fred Jones"
    User "fred" added to group "users"

You can reset any user’s password, including administrators (see Resetting a Lost Admin Password):

    sudo -u www-data php occ user:resetpassword layla
      Enter a new password:
      Confirm the new password:
      Successfully reset password for layla

You may also use `password-from-env` to reset passwords:

    export OC_PASS=newpassword
    su -s /bin/sh www-data -c 'php occ user:resetpassword --password-from-env
      layla'
      Successfully reset password for layla

### Deleting A User

To delete a user, you use the `user:delete` command, as in the example below:

    sudo -u www-data php occ user:delete fred

### Listing Users

You can list existing users with the `user:list` command. The syntax is:

    user:list [options] [<search-pattern>]

User IDs containing the `search-pattern` string are listed. Matching is not case-sensitive. If you do not provide a search-pattern then all users are listed.

This example lists user IDs containing the string ron:

    sudo -u www-data php occ user:list ron
     - aaron: Aaron Smith

The output can be formatted in JSON with the output option `json` or `json_pretty`:

    sudo -u www-data php occ --output=json_pretty user:list
     {
       "aaron": "Aaron Smith",
       "herbert": "Herbert Smith",
       "julie": "Julie Jones"
     }

### Listing Group Membership of a User

You can list the group membership of a user with the `user:list-groups` command. The syntax is:

    user:list-groups [options] <uid>

This example lists group membership of user julie:

    sudo -u www-data php occ user:list-groups julie
     - Executive
     - Finance

The output can be formatted in JSON with the output option `json` or `json_pretty`:

    sudo -u www-data php occ --output=json_pretty user:list-groups julie
     [
       "Executive",
       "Finance"
     ]

### Finding The User’s Last Login

To view a user’s most recent login, use the `user:lastseen` command, as in the example below:

    sudo -u www-data php occ user:lastseen layla
      layla's last login: 09.01.2015 18:46

### User Application Settings

To manage application settings for a user, use the `user:setting` command. This command provides the ability to:

- Retrieve all settings for an application
- Retrieve a single setting
- Set a setting value
- Delete a setting

If you run the command and pass the help switch (`--help`), you will see the following output, in your terminal:

    $ ./occ user:setting --help
    Usage:
      user:setting [options] [--] <uid> [<app>] [<key>]

    Arguments:
      uid                                User ID used to login
      app                                Restrict the settings to a given app [default: ""]
      key                                Setting key to set, get or delete [default: ""]

If you’re new to the `user:setting` command, the descriptions for the `app` and `key` arguments may not be completely transparent. So, here’s a lengthier description of both.

Argument | Description
--- | ---
app | When an value is supplied, `user:setting` limits the settings displayed, to those for that, specific, application — assuming that the application is installed, and that there are settings available for it. Some example applications are “core”, “files_trashbin”, and “user_ldap”. A complete list, unfortunately, cannot be supplied, as it is impossible to know the entire list of applications which a user could, potentially, install.
key | This value specifies the setting key to be manipulated (set, retrieved, or deleted) by the `user:setting` command.

#### Retrieving User Settings

To retrieve all settings for a user, you need to call the `user:setting` command and supply the user’s username, as in the example below.

    sudo -u www-data php occ user:setting layla
      - core:
        - lang: en
      - login:
        - lastLogin: 1465910968
      - settings:
        - email: layla@example.tld

Here, we see that the user has settings for the application `core`, when they last logged in, and what their email address is.

To retrieve the user’s settings for a specific application, you have to supply the username and the application’s name, which you want to retrieve the settings for; such as in the example below:

    sudo -u www-data php occ user:setting layla core
     - core:
        - lang: en

In the output, you can see that one setting is in effect, `lang`, which is set to `en`. To retrieve the value of a single application for a user, use the `user:setting` command, as in the example below.

    sudo -u www-data php occ user:setting layla core lang

This will display the value for that setting, such as `en`.

#### Setting a Setting

To set a setting, you need to supply four things; these are:

- the username
- the application (or setting category)
- the `--value` switch
- the, quoted, value for that setting

Here’s an example of how you would set the email address of the user `layla`.

    sudo -u www-data php occ user:setting layla settings email --value "new-layla@example.tld"

#### Deleting a Setting

Deleting a setting is quite similar to setting a setting. In this case, you supply the username, application (or setting category) and key as above. Then, in addition, you supply the `--delete` flag.

    sudo -u www-data php occ user:setting layla settings email --delete

### Generating a User Count Report

Generate a simple report that counts all users, including users on external user authentication servers such as LDAP.

    sudo -u www-data php occ user:report
    +------------------+----+
    | User Report      |    |
    +------------------+----+
    | Database         | 12 |
    | LDAP             | 86 |
    |                  |    |
    | total users      | 98 |
    |                  |    |
    | user directories | 2  |
    +------------------+----+

### Syncing User Accounts

This command syncs users stored in external backend services, such as LDAP, Shibboleth, and Samba, with ownCloud’s, internal, user database. However, it’s not essential to run it regularly, unless you have a large number of users whose account properties have changed in a backend outside of ownCloud. When run, it will pick up changes from alternative user backends, such as LDAP where properties like `cn` or `display name` have changed, and sync them with ownCloud’s user database. If accounts are found that no longer exist in the external backend, you are given the choice of either removing or disabling the accounts.

Note

It’s also one of the commands that you should run on a regular basis to ensure that your ownCloud installation is running optimally.

Note

This command replaces the old `show-remnants` functionality, and brings the LDAP feature more in line with the rest of ownCloud’s functionality.

Below are examples of how to use the command with an LDAP, Samba, and Shibboleth backend.

#### LDAP

    sudo -u www-data ./occ user:sync "OCA\User_LDAP\User_Proxy"

#### Samba

    sudo -u www-data ./occ user:sync "OCA\User\SMB" -vvv

#### Shibboleth

    sudo -u www-data ./occ user:sync "OCA\User_Shibboleth\UserBackend"

#### Syncing via cron job

Here is an example for syncing with LDAP four times a day on Ubuntu:

    crontab -e -u www-data

    * */6 * * * /usr/bin/php /var/www/owncloud/occ user:sync -vvv --missing-account-action="remove" -n "OCA\User_LDAP\User_Proxy"

## Versions

    versions
     versions:cleanup   Delete versions
     versions:expire    Expires the users file versions

`versions:cleanup` can delete all versioned files, as well as the `files_versions` folder, for either specific users, or for all users. The example below deletes all versioned files for all users:

    sudo -u www-data php occ versions:cleanup
    Delete all versions
    Delete versions for users on backend Database
      freda
      molly
      stash
      rosa
      edward

You can delete versions for specific users in a space-delimited list:

    sudo -u www-data php occ versions:cleanup freda molly
    Delete versions of   freda
    Delete versions of   molly

`versions:expire` deletes only expired files according to the `versions_retention_obligation` setting in `config.php` (see the File versions section in Config.php Parameters). The default is to delete expired files for all users, or you may list users in a space-delimited list.

Note

These commands are only available when the “Versions” app (`files_versions`) is enabled. These commands are not available in single-user (maintenance) mode.

## Command Line Installation

ownCloud can be installed entirely from the command line. After downloading the tarball and copying ownCloud into the appropriate directories, or after installing ownCloud packages (See Preferred Installation Method and Manual Installation on Linux) you can use `occ` commands in place of running the graphical Installation Wizard.

Note

These instructions assume that you have a fully working and configured webserver. If not, please refer to the documentation on configuring the Apache web server for detailed instructions.

Apply correct permissions to your ownCloud directories; see Set Strong Directory Permissions. Then choose your `occ` options. This lists your available options:

    sudo -u www-data php /var/www/owncloud/occ
    ownCloud is not installed - only a limited number of commands are available
    ownCloud version 9.0.0

    Usage:
     [options] command [arguments]

    Options:
     --help (-h)           Display this help message
     --quiet (-q)          Do not output any message
     --verbose (-v|vv|vvv) Increase the verbosity of messages: 1 for normal
     output,  2 for more verbose output and 3 for debug
     --version (-V)        Display this application version
     --ansi                Force ANSI output
     --no-ansi             Disable ANSI output
     --no-interaction (-n) Do not ask any interactive question

    Available commands:
     check                 check dependencies of the server environment
     help                  Displays help for a command
     list                  Lists commands
     status                show some status information
     app
     app:check-code        check code to be compliant
     l10n
     l10n:createjs         Create javascript translation files for a given app
     maintenance
     maintenance:install   install ownCloud

Display your `maintenance:install` options:

    sudo -u www-data php occ help maintenance:install
    ownCloud is not installed - only a limited number of commands are available
    Usage:
     maintenance:install [--database="..."] [--database-name="..."]
    [--database-host="..."] [--database-user="..."] [--database-pass[="..."]]
    [--database-table-prefix[="..."]] [--admin-user="..."] [--admin-pass="..."]
    [--data-dir="..."]

    Options:
     --database               Supported database type (default: "sqlite")
     --database-name          Name of the database
     --database-host          Hostname of the database (default: "localhost")
     --database-user          User name to connect to the database
     --database-pass          Password of the database user
     --database-table-prefix  Prefix for all tables (default: oc_)
     --admin-user             User name of the admin account (default: "admin")
     --admin-pass             Password of the admin account
     --data-dir               Path to data directory (default:
                              "/var/www/owncloud/data")
     --help (-h)              Display this help message
     --quiet (-q)             Do not output any message
     --verbose (-v|vv|vvv)    Increase the verbosity of messages: 1 for normal
      output, 2 for more verbose output and 3 for debug
     --version (-V)           Display this application version
     --ansi                   Force ANSI output
     --no-ansi                Disable ANSI output
     --no-interaction (-n)    Do not ask any interactive question

This example completes the installation:

    cd /var/www/owncloud/
    sudo -u www-data php occ maintenance:install --database
    "mysql" --database-name "owncloud"  --database-user "root" --database-pass
    "password" --admin-user "admin" --admin-pass "password"
    ownCloud is not installed - only a limited number of commands are available
    ownCloud was successfully installed

Supported databases are:

    - sqlite (SQLite3 - ownCloud Community edition only)
    - mysql (MySQL/MariaDB)
    - pgsql (PostgreSQL)
    - oci (Oracle - ownCloud Enterprise edition only)

## Command Line Upgrade

These commands are available only after you have downloaded upgraded packages or tar archives, and before you complete the upgrade. List all options, like this example on CentOS Linux:

    sudo -u www-data php occ upgrade -h
    Usage:
     upgrade [options]

    Options:
         --no-app-disable  skips the disable of third party apps
     -h, --help            Display this help message
     -q, --quiet           Do not output any message
     -V, --version         Display this application version
         --ansi            Force ANSI output
         --no-ansi         Disable ANSI output
     -n, --no-interaction  Do not ask any interactive question
         --no-warnings     Skip global warnings, show command output only
     -v|vv|vvv, --verbose  Increase the verbosity of messages: 1 for normal output, 2 for more verbose output and 3 for debug

    Help:
     run upgrade routines after installation of a new release. The release has to be installed before.

When you are performing an update or upgrade on your ownCloud server (see the Maintenance section of this manual), it is better to use `occ` to perform the database upgrade step, rather than the Web GUI, in order to avoid timeouts. PHP scripts invoked from the Web interface are limited to 3600 seconds. In larger environments this may not be enough, leaving the system in an inconsistent state. After performing all the preliminary steps (see How to Upgrade Your ownCloud Server) use this command to upgrade your databases, like this example on CentOS Linux:

    sudo -u www-data php occ upgrade
    ownCloud or one of the apps require upgrade - only a limited number of
    commands are available
    Turned on maintenance mode
    Checked database schema update
    Checked database schema update for apps
    Updated database
    Updating <gallery> ...
    Updated <gallery> to 0.6.1
    Updating <activity> ...
    Updated <activity> to 2.1.0
    Update successful
    Turned off maintenance mode

Note how it details the steps. Enabling verbosity displays timestamps:

    sudo -u www-data php occ upgrade -v
    ownCloud or one of the apps require upgrade - only a limited number of commands are available
    2015-06-23T09:06:15+0000 Turned on maintenance mode
    2015-06-23T09:06:15+0000 Checked database schema update
    2015-06-23T09:06:15+0000 Checked database schema update for apps
    2015-06-23T09:06:15+0000 Updated database
    2015-06-23T09:06:15+0000 Updated <files_sharing> to 0.6.6
    2015-06-23T09:06:15+0000 Update successful
    2015-06-23T09:06:15+0000 Turned off maintenance mode

If there is an error it throws an exception, and the error is detailed in your ownCloud logfile, so you can use the log output to figure out what went wrong, or to use in a bug report.

    Turned on maintenance mode
    Checked database schema update
    Checked database schema update for apps
    Updated database
    Updating <files_sharing> ...
    Exception
    ServerNotAvailableException: LDAP server is not available
    Update failed
    Turned off maintenance mode

## Two-factor Authentication

If a two-factor provider app is enabled, it is enabled for all users by default (though the provider can decide whether or not the user has to pass the challenge). In the case of an user losing access to the second factor (e.g., a lost phone with two-factor SMS verification), the admin can temporarily disable the two-factor check for that user via the occ command:

    sudo -u www-data php occ twofactor:disable <username>

To re-enable two-factor authentication again, use the following commmand:

    sudo -u www-data php occ twofactor:enable <username>

## Disable Users

Admins can disable users via the occ command too:

    sudo -u www-data php occ user:disable <username>

Use the following command to enable the user again:

    sudo -u www-data php occ user:enable <username>

Note

Once users are disabled, their connected browsers will be disconnected.

### Finding Inactive Users

To view a list of users who’ve not logged in for a given number of days, use the `user:inactive` command The example below searches for users inactive for five days, or more.

    sudo -u www-data php occ user:inactive 5

By default, this will generate output in the following format:

    - 0:
      - uid: admin
      - displayName: admin
      - inactiveSinceDays: 5

You can see the user’s user id, display name, and the number of days they’ve been inactive. If you’re passing or piping this information to another application for further processing, you can also use the `--output` switch to change its format. The switch supports three options, these are:

Setting | Description
--- | ---
plain | This is the default format.
json | This will render the output as a JSON-encoded, but not formatted, string.

    [{"uid":"admin","displayName":"admin","inactiveSinceDays":5}]

- json_pretty: This will render the output as a JSON-encoded string, formatted for ease of readability.

    [
        {
            "uid": "admin",
            "displayName": "admin",
            "inactiveSinceDays": 5
        }
    ]

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